All-in-One Financial & Business Calculators
Instant, formula-backed calculation tools designed for Indian shopkeepers, freelancers, accountants, students, and everyday business owners.
Formulas & Calculation Guide
Understanding the mathematical logic behind common business calculations helps entrepreneurs, retail store owners, and freelancers make accurate pricing and financial decisions.
1. GST Calculation Formula
In India, Goods and Services Tax (GST) is calculated differently depending on whether you are adding tax to a net base price (Exclusive) or extracting tax from a customer retail price (Inclusive):
GST Amount = (Net Base Price × GST Rate) ÷ 100
Total Invoice Amount = Net Base Price + GST Amount
GST Inclusive (Extract Tax):
GST Amount = Total Amount - [Total Amount × 100 ÷ (100 + GST Rate)]
Net Base Amount = Total Amount - GST Amount
2. Loan EMI (Equated Monthly Installment) Formula
Banks and Non-Banking Financial Companies (NBFCs) compute home loan, personal loan, and car loan EMIs using the reducing balance method:
Where:
• P = Principal Loan Amount borrowed
• r = Monthly Interest Rate (Annual Rate ÷ 12 ÷ 100)
• n = Loan Tenure in Months (Years × 12)
3. Profit Margin vs. Markup Formula
A frequent mistake in small business retail is mixing up markup and profit margin. Margin is based on selling price, while markup is based on cost price:
| Metric | Formula | Example (Cost ₹800, Price ₹1,000) |
|---|---|---|
| Gross Profit | Selling Price - Cost Price | ₹1,000 - ₹800 = ₹200 |
| Profit Margin (%) | (Gross Profit ÷ Selling Price) × 100 | (₹200 ÷ ₹1,000) × 100 = 20.0% |
| Markup (%) | (Gross Profit ÷ Cost Price) × 100 | (₹200 ÷ ₹800) × 100 = 25.0% |